Problems / Design a product, medium

Build web analytics like Google Analytics

Design Google Analytics from an empty canvas: page-view beacons from millions of sites at 4,000 a second, aggregated into dashboards within seconds.

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What it must do

Scale

Request types to route: hit (97%, write), dashboard (3%, read). Budget: $4,200 a month.

Estimate first

The test cases

You start from an empty canvas. When you run the tests, each one simulates your design with its own traffic and failures:

TestWhat it doesPasses when
Normal dayThe normal day: the traffic in the brief, nothing broken.Success ≥ 99.8%; p99 latency ≤ 100 ms (hit); p99 latency ≤ 1.5 s (dashboard)
Black FridayAt 5 s every shop’s traffic triples for 8 s.Success ≥ 99%; p99 latency ≤ 200 ms (hit); p99 latency ≤ 800 ms (dashboard)
DDoS attackAt 5 s 20,000 requests a second of flood traffic arrive for 10 s, alongside real users.Success ≥ 99%; Attack blocked ≥ 95%
Cache flushedAt 5 s the cache on the request path is emptied, as after a restart or a bad deploy.Success ≥ 99%; p99 latency ≤ 2.0 s (dashboard)
Budget: $4,200/monthThe normal day's design must cost at most $4,200 a month.Cost ≤ $4,200/month

Must include

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