Problems / Design a product, hard

Build the Facebook news feed

Design the Facebook news feed from an empty canvas: retrieve candidates from precomputed feeds, rank them with a model on every load, and take posts and likes, at 3,000 requests a second.

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What it must do

Scale

Request types to route: feed (75%, read), like (20%, write), post (5%, write). Budget: $7,000 a month.

Estimate first

The test cases

You start from an empty canvas. When you run the tests, each one simulates your design with its own traffic and failures:

TestWhat it doesPasses when
Normal dayThe normal day: the traffic in the brief, nothing broken.Success ≥ 99.9%; p99 latency ≤ 250 ms (feed); p99 latency ≤ 150 ms (like)
Evening peakAt 5 s the evening rush begins: traffic jumps to 2.5× for 8 s.Success ≥ 99%; p99 latency ≤ 500 ms (feed)
Cache flushedAt 5 s the cache on the request path is emptied, as after a restart or a bad deploy.Success ≥ 99%; p99 latency ≤ 600 ms (feed)
A server diesAt 4 s one server of the first app service on the request path dies for 10 s.Success ≥ 99%
Budget: $7,000/monthThe normal day's design must cost at most $7,000 a month.Cost ≤ $7,000/month

Must include

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