Problems / Caching, medium

CDN purge at peak

At 12 s a deploy purges the whole CDN while 2,500 requests a second are flowing. Every request now goes to an origin sized for the usual few misses.

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Your goals

Success ≥ 99%, p99 ≤ 500 ms.

Test cases

Like a coding problem, a solution has to pass every case, not just the one it was built for. Submit in the lab runs all 4; 1 of them are hidden until then.

  1. As given. The problem’s own traffic, scheduled failures and seed.
  2. Peak hour. 25% more traffic than the problem states, with the same failures.
  3. A slow dependency. The main data store or model answers twice as slowly for part of the run.

The traffic

2,500 requests a second for 30 seconds: 99% reads, 1% writes.

The system

What each component does in this design, and what calls it. The simulator mimics each one from these settings.

ComponentIts job hereSettings
CDNCDNTraffic enters here.Calls Load balancer.A CDN keeps copies at edge locations near users, so a cache hit skips the trip to your origin.–
Load balancerLoad balancerCDN forwards to it.Calls API.Layer 4 balancers route by IP and port; layer 7 balancers read HTTP and can route by path or header.–
APIApp serviceLoad balancer forwards to it.Calls Redis cache (checked first), Postgres.Little's law: throughput ≈ concurrency ÷ latency. 200 slots at 50 ms serve about 4,000 req/s.2 replicas × 150 slots · timeout 1.0 s
Redis cacheCacheAPI checks it first for reads.An in-memory cache like Redis usually answers in well under a millisecond inside one region.90% hit rate
PostgresSQL databaseAPI reads it when Redis cache misses. API calls it for writes.Postgres runs one process per connection, which is why poolers like PgBouncer sit in front of busy databases.8 vCPU · 60 connections

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